|
''Huangdi Neijing'' (), also known as the ''Inner Canon of Huangdi'' or ''The Emperor's Inner Canon'', is an ancient Chinese medical text that has been treated as the fundamental doctrinal source for Chinese medicine for more than two millennia. The work is composed of two texts each of eighty-one chapters or treatises in a question-and-answer format between the mythical Huangdi (Yellow Emperor or more correctly Emperor) and six of his equally legendary ministers. The first text, the ''Suwen'' (素問), also known as ''Basic Questions'',〔 covers the theoretical foundation of Chinese Medicine and its diagnostic methods. The second and generally less referred-to text, the ''Lingshu'' (靈樞) (Pivot'' ), discusses acupuncture therapy in great detail. Collectively, these two texts are known as the ''Neijing'' or ''Huangdi Neijing.'' In practice, however, the title ''Neijing'' often refers only to the more influential ''Suwen''. Two other texts also carried the prefix ''Huangdi neijing'' in their titles: the ''Mingtang'' 明堂 (of Light" ) and the ''Taisu'' 太素 (Basis" ), both of which have survived only partially. ==Overview== The earliest mention of the ''Huangdi neijing'' was in the bibliographical chapter of the ''Hanshu'' 漢書 (or ''Book of Han'', completed in 111 CE), next to a ''Huangdi waijing'' 黃帝外經 (“Yellow Emperor’s Outer Canon”) that is now lost. A scholar-physician called Huangfu Mi 皇甫謐 (215-282 CE) was the first to claim that the ''Huangdi neijing'' in 18 juan 卷 (or volumes) that was listed in the ''Hanshu'' bibliography corresponded with two different books that circulated in his own time: the ''Suwen'' and the ''Zhenjing'' 鍼經 (“Needling Canon”), each in 9 juan.〔Sivin 1993, 197.〕 Since scholars believe that ''Zhenjing'' was one of the ''Lingshus earlier titles, they agree that the Han-dynasty ''Huangdi neijing'' was made of two different texts that are close in content to the works we know today as the ''Suwen'' and the ''Lingshu''. The ''Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic'' (''Huangdi Neijing'', 黃帝內經) is the most important ancient text in Chinese medicine as well as a major book of Daoist theory and lifestyle. The text is structured as a dialogue between the Yellow Emperor and one of his ministers or physicians, most commonly Qíbó (), but also Shàoyú (). One possible reason for using this device was for the (anonymous) authors to avoid attribution and blame (see pages 8-14 in Unschuld for an exposition of this). The ''Neijing'' departs from the old shamanistic beliefs that disease was caused by demonic influences. Instead the natural effects of diet, lifestyle, emotions, environment, and age are the reason diseases develop. According to the Neijing, the universe is composed of various forces and principles, such as Yin and yang, Qi and the Five Elements (or phases). These forces can be understood via rational means and man can stay in balance or return to balance and health by understanding the laws of these natural forces. Man is a microcosm that mirrors the larger macrocosm. The principles of yin and yang, the five elements, the environmental factors of wind, damp, hot and cold and so on that are part of the macrocosm equally apply to the human microcosm. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Huangdi Neijing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|